Une présence entre réel et irréel
Sous un ciel orageux, une silhouette se dessine sur un rocher. Sa beauté magnétique contraste avec l’atmosphère oppressante qui l’entoure. On murmure son nom, rarement à voix haute : Mami Wata, la mère des eaux. En Afrique de l’Ouest, et notamment en Côte d’Ivoire, elle n’est pas qu’un mythe. Elle est une légende vivante, à la fois crainte et respectée.
Origines et représentations : la sirène des eaux profondes
Le nom de Mami Wata, signifiant « Mère de l’Eau », semble provenir d’une interprétation pidgin anglais (mamy pour « mère » et wata pour « eau »). Pourtant, ses racines culturelles profondes racontent une tout autre histoire. Selon le chercheur Basile Goudabla Kligueh, l’étymologie du nom pourrait être ancrée dans les langues locales des peuples Adza-Tado (Evé et Fon du Togo, du Bénin et du Ghana). Il propose que le terme « Ma mi ata » (qui signifie « je ferme la jambe ») ou « Ma mi wo ata » (« je ferme ta jambe ») reflète des pratiques spirituelles spécifiques. Ces expressions font référence à l’interdiction sexuelle imposée aux adeptes de Mami Wata, en préparation à une rencontre mystique avec la déesse.
Ce détail linguistique et rituel témoigne d’un lien profondément enraciné entre les traditions africaines et le mythe de Mami Wata. Ces rituels montrent que Mami Wata n’est pas simplement une sirène tentatrice, mais aussi une figure de contrôle, de pouvoir et de transcendance spirituelle.
En Côte d’Ivoire et bien d’autres ailleurs en Afrique, Mami Wata est à la fois une entité divine et un esprit vengeur.
La terreur des eaux ivoiriennes
Dans les villages ivoiriens proches des cours d’eau, les habitants vivent dans une vigilance constante. La nuit, lorsque le silence enveloppe les rivières, certains disent entendre un chant lointain, aussi doux qu’hypnotique. À travers ce chant, Mami Wata attire les curieux. Ceux qui s’approchent trop près disparaissent dans les profondeurs obscures.
Les anciens racontent l’histoire d’un jeune pêcheur qui, un soir, pêche seul au bord d’une rivière. Une mélodie mystérieuse l’attire. Sans s’en rendre compte, il avance, comme tiré par une force invisible. Au lever du jour, son filet flotte sur l’eau, mais lui, il n’est jamais revenu.
Les pactes avec la Sirène des eaux
Si certains craignent Mami Wata, d’autres cherchent à conclure des pactes avec elle. Les récits parlent de riches hommes d’affaires ou de figures influentes qui lui offriraient des bijoux, des offrandes et même leur propre allégeance en échange de succès. Mais ces alliances ont un prix. Ils doivent parfois renoncer à leur famille, à l’amour, voire à une partie de leur humanité.
Ceux qui brisent le pacte ne peuvent échapper à la vengeance de Mami Wata. Une histoire raconte qu’un homme, devenu immensément riche, osa rompre son engagement. Peu de temps après, il fut retrouvé sans vie, son corps flottant dans l’eau.
Les témoignages des rencontres glaçantes avec Mami watta
Chaque village ivoirien garde précieusement ses histoires sur Mami Wata. Près de Grand-Bassam, un pêcheur expérimenté aurait disparu après avoir ignoré les avertissements de sa communauté. Les anciens affirment qu’il avait offensé la déesse en pêchant sans faire d’offrandes.
Dans un autre cas troublant, une jeune fille de 15 ans aurait disparu pendant deux jours près d’un lac à Abobo. Retrouvée errante, elle raconta avoir été emmenée dans un royaume aquatique où des silhouettes dansaient autour d’elle. Depuis son retour, son comportement avait changé, laissant ses proches convaincus qu’elle avait rencontré Mami Watta.
Entre peur et respect
Mami Wata inspire autant la crainte que la vénération. Les habitants des zones riveraines organisent des cérémonies pour apaiser sa colère. Bijoux, nourritures et prières sont offerts aux eaux pour éviter ses foudres. Ces rituels, bien que chargés de solennité, rappellent toujours que la déesse des eaux reste imprévisible.
Une figure moderne et universelle
Aujourd’hui, Mami Wata dépasse les frontières de l’Afrique de l’Ouest. Elle est devenue une muse pour les artistes, symbolisant la tentation, la dualité humaine, et les dangers des désirs inassouvis. Des fresques murales dans les quartiers urbains ivoiriens aux chansons et films, son mythe continue de fasciner.
Sa légende ne se limite pas qu’en Cote d’Ivoire. Elle a des origines bien plus lointaines et demeure une entité avec plusieurs facettes selon les contrées africaines.Par exemple au Benin, elle est une divinité du culte Vodou. Tandis qu’au Congo et au Gabon, sa réputation de divinité protectrice de la famille a disparu pour laisser court à une Sirène à la fois polyandre et femme de joie.
Toutefois, elle reste bien plus qu’un symbole. Elle est une présence palpable, qu’il vaut mieux craindre et respecter. Car sous les reflets tranquilles de la rivière, son royaume aquatique veille.
Une légende intemporelle
Mami Wata, à la fois bienveillante et vengeresse, demeure une figure inébranlable des croyances africaines. Si vous entendez son chant ou apercevez son reflet, prenez garde. Car entre ses griffes aquatiques, le retour est rarement possible.
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[…] Lire aussi : Mami Wata : La terreur des eaux africaines […]
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