À Bamako, la capitale malienne, plusieurs rues et places ont été rebaptisées pour marquer une rupture avec l’histoire coloniale française et l’organisation régionale ouest-africaine, la Cedeao. Cette décision, officialisée par un décret diffusé le 18 décembre 2024, reflète les choix politiques des gouvernements en place au Mali, au Niger et au Burkina Faso.
Des noms remplacés par des figures locales
L’avenue Cedeao devient désormais l’avenue de l’AES (Alliance des États du Sahel), une organisation récente regroupant le Mali, le Niger et le Burkina Faso. De nombreuses rues portant les noms de figures coloniales françaises, comme Faidherbe ou Archinard, ont été rebaptisées en l’honneur de personnalités locales telles que Mamadou Lamine Drame ou El Hadj Cheick Oumar Tall.
De même, l’avenue Ruault prend le nom du capitaine Sékou Traoré, un ancien militaire malien, et la place du Sommet Afrique-France devient la place de la Confédération des États du Sahel. Au total, ce sont près de 25 lieux publics à Bamako qui ont vu leurs noms modifiés.
Une tendance dans les pays de l’AES
Ce changement s’inscrit dans une dynamique plus large. Depuis 2020, le Niger et le Burkina Faso ont également procédé à des renommages similaires. Ces initiatives visent à affirmer une souveraineté nationale face à ce qui est perçu comme des symboles de domination passée.
Par exemple, au Niger, une avenue portant le nom du général Charles de Gaulle est devenue l’avenue Djibo Bakary. Ces modifications reflètent aussi une volonté de rompre avec la Cedeao, perçue comme un obstacle, et de renforcer l’AES comme nouvelle alliance régionale.
Une stratégie de souveraineté
Ces changements ne se limitent pas à des gestes symboliques. Ils traduisent une politique plus large de rupture avec l’influence française et régionale, portée par les gouvernements sahéliens. Ces derniers accusent régulièrement la France de déstabilisation et affirment leur indépendance à travers des actions concrètes comme ces renommages.
Avec ces nouvelles appellations, Bamako et d’autres villes sahéliennes redessinent leur paysage urbain, mais aussi leur identité nationale, en s’éloignant de leur passé colonial et en affirmant leur volonté de construire un avenir sur de nouvelles bases.
[…] du Mali comprenait des pays comme le Mali, le Sénégal, la Gambie, la Guinée Conakry, la Guinée Bissau, la Mauritanie et une grande partie […]
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